Want to Improve Your Agile Process? Look to Containers – InApps 2022

Agile software development, which has become nearly ubiquitous over the last decade, was a revolution. Instead of waterfall development, with its long cycles that required planning six to nine months ahead, Agile came in and required planning only two to four weeks ahead for fast iterations, each of which was potentially shippable. At least, this is how Agile was sold to management.

It came with a catch, however, that most organizations moving toward Agile didn’t discover until the end of their first sprint. The catch is that the ability to iterate quickly is predicated on excellent quality assurance (QA) automation that can do regression testing in hours, which traditional waterfall does in months.

Merely good QA automation isn’t good enough for a truly efficient Agile development process, and most organizations were somewhere between poor and non-existent when it came to automation. The need to close the automation gap led directly to the rapid and ever-escalating demand for experienced automation engineers. However, organizations that were fortunate enough to hire good automation engineers and removed this impediment to their Agile process discovered another major roadblock: lots of quality automation requires lots of automation environments.

Creating the many automation environments required for Agile development can be a heavy lift, especially when working with physical hardware. Many organizations had to virtualize their development and test environments to get maximum value from their massive investment in automation and propel their Agile development processes forward.

Fortunately, around this time the industry saw the rapid rise of private and public clouds and infrastructure as code, all of which begat DevOps.

DevOps and VMs

DevOps quickly became the next bottleneck in moving Agile software development forward and organizations responded by hiring DevOps engineers coupled with a concomitant investment in infrastructure as code (IaC). But as DevOps engineers built out extensive CI/CD pipelines, the dominant framework was virtual machines, whether VMware virtual machines (VMs) in the private cloud, or EC2 instances in AWS.

Herein lies the rub. VMs, by their nature, are relatively heavy and cumbersome. To spin one up, you must first make a copy of the VM template which, depending on the size of the boot and data volumes involved, can easily take 10 to 20 minutes or longer. And then booting and stabilizing the VM takes an additional several minutes. Spinning up several VMs in parallel can actually slow things down because they often compete for storage IOPS, CPU and networking bandwidth.

A relatively simple pipeline that spins up a build environment, followed by a unit testing environment, followed by a regression testing environment can involve the creation and boot of several VMs and take several hours. An optimal Agile automation strategy mandates running a CI pipeline such as the one outlined above on each commit, which can easily mean dozens of pipelines a day. This can be a huge challenge when using VMs.

Here Come Containers

The modern alternative to VMs as DevOps infrastructure is containers, which overcome the limitations that hamstring VMs. Containers are very lightweight and come up as quickly as OS processes spin up. A pipeline that kicks off in 10 or 20 minutes with VMs can begin running in well under a minute with containers. What’s more, because they are lightweight, containers require significantly fewer CPU, network, and storage resources, so they are less expensive to run than VMs.

VM infrastructures that don’t have the capacity to handle CI/CD pipelines for each individual commit may be able to handle the load using containers by repurposing the hardware to Kubernetes and containers. When combined with Kubernetes, which has become the default container orchestrator in recent years, containers enable Agile organizations to take a huge step forward in extracting full value from their investment in automation and DevOps.

And, indeed, forward-leaning organizations are containerizing their applications and running their CI/CD pipelines on Kubernetes to accelerate Agile development. To get the most value out of Kubernetes-based CI/CD environments, it’s important to couple them with container-native storage. Container native storage supports instantaneous cloning of volumes and immediate access to data volumes across Kubernetes clusters.

In such an environment, Kubernetes clusters can easily be dedicated to development, test, integration, and staging environments, which gives DevOps engineers maximum flexibility. Test data can be cloned between different pipelines and moved seamlessly between Kubernetes clusters, reducing the duration of pipeline runs while maintaining segregation between the different environments. With container-native storage, the time it takes to move data between Kubernetes clusters and between pipeline stages is reduced to mere seconds.

Container Native

Organizations using Agile software development methodologies have come a long way. Automation is broader and deeper than it used to be, and DevOps now supports complex CI/CD pipelines that allow organizations to reap the full benefit of their automation and accelerate development. However, organizations that are using VMs are hamstrung by pipelines that take many hours to run and use significant resources. To reduce the duration of pipelines and run more pipelines, modern software development organizations are containerizing their applications and running their CI/CD pipelines on Kubernetes using container-native storage to reap the full benefit of the Agile process to accelerate software development.

Feature image via Pixabay.